While some flood scenarios develop after days of heavy rain or a predictable
incident such as a river overflowing its banks, flash floods are a rapid-onset event that can strike in an
instant. Areas dry only moments before may suddenly be inundated with water.
Preventive measures, therefore, must be taken in advance. Once a flash flood
occurs, there will usually not be adequate time to make preparations at that
late stage. While you can't prevent the conditions that may trigger a flash
flood, here are three steps you can take to reduce risk and losses if flash
flooding strikes:
Know your risk. You may be living in an area of high
potential hazard for flash flooding and not even be aware of it. Flood risk
maps are available from agencies such as FEMA or your local emergency
management office. These maps depict flood risk for your local community and
your specific address. A high-risk zone means you have at least a one-in-four
chance of experiencing flooding. In designated high-risk zones, you are five
times more likely to experience damage from a flash flood than from a fire.
Reduce potential damage. If you live an area where flash
flood risk is high, certain home improvements may help reduce damage. Elevate
critical components such as electrical panels, appliances and HVAC systems
where they will be less likely to contact water. Waterproof the basement to
reduce inundation due to high ground water during a flood. Make sure a basement
sump pump is installed and test it several times a year to
verify that it functions properly. Store valuables and important documents on
an upstairs level of the house or some other safe place.
Be prepared to evacuate. Become familiar with the fastest
and safest routes out of the affected area to higher ground should a flash
flood strike. If local authorities issue a flash flood warning, evacuate immediately and don't wait for
additional signs of impending high water. Don't drive or walk through any
flooded areas, as only a few inches of water during a flash flood can be
dangerous.
